Psychology Case

Retina: receives things upside down, but we see it right side up because millions of receptor cells convert particles of light energy into neural impulses and forward those to the brain, there they are reassembled

-optic nerve carries information to the brain

Cornea: protects the eye, bends light to provide focus

Pupil: small adjustable opening surrounded by the iris which light enters

Iris: ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening

Lens: Transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

Retina: light sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the recptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information

rods: retinal receptors that detect black, white and gray

-share bipolar cells, which sends combined messages

-necessary for peripheral and twilight vision when cones don't respond

cones: retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in the day light

-detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations

-have a hotline to the brain; individual bipolar cells

Visual Problems

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Transforming

Fovea: central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster

Blind spot: where the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind"spot beacuse no receptor cells are located there

Vision

Optic Nerve: nerve that carries nerual impulses from the eye to the brain

Optic Chiasm: part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross

-located at the bottom of the brain