Verbal Image Translation Analysis Based upon Ian Fleming's "from Russia with Love"

This paper deals with the problem of verbal image translation from SL ( English ) into TL ( Ukrainian ). The research is based on comparison of the original [ 1; 337p. ] and Ukrainian translation [ 2; 190p. ] of Ian Fleming's " James Bond : From Russia With Love"

A few words should be mentioned about the author and his book . Ian Fleming ( 1908 - 1964 ) was a great journalist and detective stories writer . In 1931 he joined Reuters news agency, and during the World War 2 he was a personal assistant to the Director of Naval Intelligence at the admiralty, rising to the rank of commander . At this time he acquired the first-hand knowledge of secret operations . He started his first James Bond novel " Casino Royale" at the age of 44 , by which time he became the foreign manager of Kemsley Newspapers . He wrote it in the Golden Eye , the house he had built in Jamaica . James Bond has won Ian Fleming the world fame , being the greatest British fictional icon of the late 20-th c.

The book is about a British secret agent James Bond , on whom every major foreign government has a file, and whom the Russia's deadly SMERSH organisation has targeted for elimination - they have the perfect bait in the irresistible Tatiana Romanova . Her mission is to lure Bond to Istanbul and seduce him, while her superiors handle the rest . Bond walks into the trap - but he is always the one to win .

The language of this detective story is mostly unexpressive, unemotional, and the stylistic devices ( SD ) that the author uses are typical of the genre : the lyrical images are absent, most of the SDs are used as the means serving to create the picture of the cold, ruthless world of constantly alternating death and fight for survival . Artistic images mostly are stylistically neutral , as no or little expressiveness or emotional colouring is present in them . The same concerns the idioms and phraseologisms ( of which the verbal image is the basic constituting element [ 3 ; 28 ] ) occurring

infrequently . The translated work of art is perceived

as the artistic one only provided that it corresponds to artistic and stylistic tradition of the TL [ 3; 28 ] . The translator has to preserve the stylistic status of ST by using the equivalents of the same style or , failing that, options for stylistically neutral words [ 4 ; 138 ] The translator manages to reproduce the original content keeping to ST style, but introduces syntactic and other transformations in order to keep to TL norms and requirements .

The research examines and studies this linguistic and literary phenomenon from different viewpoints, it highlights different ways of verbal image translation, which derive from the specifics of its structure and initial formation process. It was concluded that the best way to understand the notion of verbal image and its translation properly is to regard this lingual phenomenon as a whole, a system or a living organism depending on the extralinguistic world and the processes circuiting in it, for any efforts aimed at studying the separate parts of the image ( lexical units bearing no expressive imagerial charge, except for the denotation ) will end in failure.

Verbal image as a translation problem attracted attention of many linguists throughout the 20-th c. Hence, many theories were created, but they had many common points, and the core information remained the same.

According to Litterary Encyclopaedic Dictionary the artistic ( verbal ) image is the aesthetic category characterizing a specific method of cognizing and transforming the extralinguistic reality , which is an intrinsic feature only of art . Objective - cognitive and subjective - creative principles are amalgamated integrally within the verbal image, reflecting the reality and at the same time generalizing it, creating a new fanciful world by means of creative transformation of a real matter ( colours, sounds, words ) into an individual thing occupying a special place among the other real world objects. [ 5 ; 252 ]

Images may be characterized as the uses of language in a literary work that evoke sense impressions by literal or figurative reference to perceptible or concrete objects, scenes, actions or states. They may be combined under the notion of imagery . [ 6; 106 ]

Verbal image is such word combination and usage in which they express more, than they normally mean , being enhanced and made more expressive by the additional sense and emotionally-expressive tinges . Verbal image is based upon the usage of the words and word combinations called tropes [ 19 ; 221 ] .

Another verbal image definition is the following . Verbal image is the reproduction of the typical life phenomena in an exact individual form , and this function is characteristic of art as an ideology studying the world . The word is the structural unit of any verbal image, one of its main properties being imagery or image velency - the ability to combine with other lexical units ( bearing denotation ) and create a new artistic and aesthetic dimension by displaying the covert stylistic properties called imagery . Thus, imagery can also be defined as the word's stylistic ability of combining with other lexical units and