Wilson's Fourteen Points Speech and Information About the Sacco-Vanzet

Fourteen Points was a name given to the proposals of President Woodrow Wilson designed to establish the basis for a just and lasting peace following the victory of the Allies in World War 1. The 14 proposals were contained in Wilson's address to a joint session of the US Congress on January 8, 1918. In summary, the 14 points were as follows :

1. abolition of secret diplomacy by open covenants

2. freedom of the seas in peace and war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or part by international action for enforcement of international covenants;

3. removal of international trade barriers wherever possible and establishment of an equality of trade conditions among the nations consenting to the peace

4. reduction of armaments consistent with public safety

5. adjustment of colonial disputes consistent with the interests of both the controlling government and colonial population

6. evacuation of Russian territory, with the proviso of self-determination

7. evacuation and restoration of Belgium

8. evacuation and restoration of French territory, including Alsace-Lorraine

9. readjustment of Italian frontiers along clearly recognizable lines of nationality

10. autonomy for the peoples of Austria-Hungary

11. evacuation and restoration of territory to Serbia, Montenegro, and Romania, granting of seaports to Serbia, and readjustment and international guarantee of the national ambitions of the Balkan nations

12. self-determination for non-Turkish peoples under Turkish control and internationalization of the Dardanelles

13. an independent Poland, with access to the sea

14. creation of a general association of nations under specific covenants to give mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity.

Sacco-Vanzetti Case, controversial murder case in Massachusetts that lasted from 1920 to 1927. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian immigrants who had arrived in the US in 1908, were charged by the state with the murders of a paymaster and a guard and the theft of more than $15,000 from a shoe factory in south Braintree, Massachusetts, on April 15, 1920. The execution of Sacco, a shoe worker, and Vanzetti, a fish peddler, in 1927 caused a world-wide protest. The trial took place in Dedham between May 31 and July 14, 1921. The state's