Beloved

times represent a unique calmness. Toni Morrison doesn't make any exceptions to this idea. In her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison uses trees to symbolize comfort, protection and peace. Morrison uses trees throughout Beloved to emphasize the serenity that the natural world offers. Many black characters, and some white and Native American characters, refer to trees as offering calm, healing and escape, thus conveying Morrison's message that trees bring peace. Besides using the novel's characters to convey her message, Morrison herself displays and shows the good and calmness that trees represent in the tree imagery in her narration. Perhaps Toni Morrison uses trees and characters' responses to them to show that when one lives through an ordeal as horrible as slavery, one will naturally find comfort in the simple or seemingly harmless aspects of life, such as nature and especially trees. With the tree's symbolism of escape and peace, Morrison uses her characters' references to their serenity and soothing nature as messages that only in nature could these oppressed people find comfort and escape from unwanted thoughts. Almost every one of Morrison's characters find refuge in trees and nature, especially the main characters such as Sethe and Paul D. During Sethe's time in slavery, she has witnessed many gruesome and horrible events that blacks endure such as whippings and lynchings. However, Sethe seemingly chooses to remember the sight of sycamore trees over the sight of lynched boys, thus revealing her comfort in a tree's presence: "Boys hanging from the most beautiful sycamores in the world. It shamed her- remembering the wonderful soughing trees rather than the boys. Try as she might to make it otherwise, the sycamores beat out the children every time and she could not forgive her memory for that" (6). Although Sethe wishes she would've remembered the boys instead, she probably rationalized this thought because when she asks Paul D about news of Halle, she pictures the sycamores instead of the possibility that Halle has been lynched: "'I wouldn't have to ask about him would I? You'd tell me if there was anything to tell, wouldn't you?' Sethe looked down at her feet and saw again the sycamores" (8). When Schoolteacher whips Sethe, leaving her back leathery with scars, she refers to the scar as a chokecherry tree to soothe and to lessen the physically and emotional pain that the scar represents: "But that's what she said it looked like, A chokecherry tree. Trunk, branches and even leaves. Tiny little chokecherry leaves" (16). While Sethe thinks of trees to heal and calm her pain and suffering, Paul D directly looks for physically real trees as his escape from everyday slave life. During Paul D's time in slavery, he chose to love trees for their comfort and calm qualities: "... trees were inviting; things you could trust and be near; talk to if you wanted to as he frequently did since way back when he took the midday meal in the fields of Sweet Home" (21). Because of these qualities, Paul D chose one particular tree, larger and more inviting than other trees, to always return to. A tree which he named "Brother" and a tree that listened and comforted and was always there. But most importantly, Brother represents the comforting escape from slavery which Paul D didn't and doesn't have: "His choice he called Brother, and sat under it, alone sometimes. Sometimes with Halle or the other Pauls..." (21). After a long day working in the fields, Paul D would rest, often times under the towering but comforting presence of Brother with Halle, the Pauls and Sixo: "He, Sixo and both of the Pauls sat under Brother pouring water from a gourd over their heads..." (27). Not only do trees represent comfort, they also represent a place of security, a place for escape from slave life. When Sixo visits the Thirty-Mile Woman, he escapes into the secure woods before her master could catch him: "But Sixo had already melted into the woods before the lash could unfurl itself on his indigo behind" (25). While Paul D sits under Brother to find comfort, Sixo enters the woods at night to dance, escape slave life and to keep his culture: "Sixo went among the trees at night. For dancing, he said, to keep his bloodlines open, he said" (25). Even Beloved, the strange human apparition of the Crawling Already Baby, seemingly finds comfort with trees when she appears in the real world: "She barely gained the dry bank of the stream before she sat down and leaned against a mulberry tree" (50). Morrison's characters refer to trees for comfort, escape and safety, thus conveying Morrison's message. While the main significant characters refer to the trees' serenity and comfort, characters' with lesser significance or lesser prominence in Beloved also refer to trees, not to themselves though, to convey the message that nature helps provide comfort and escape. Amy Denver, the whitewoman who had helped Sethe through labor only appears once in the book during Denver's story. Although she only appears once, her tree reference to Sethe's scarred back helps soothe Sethe's physical and mental pain: "It's a tree Lu. See, here's the trunk- it's red and split open, full of sap, and this here's the parting for the branches. You got a mighty a lot of branches. Leaves, too, look like, and dern if these ain't blossoms. Tiny little cherry tree blossoms, just as white. Your back got a whole tree on it. In bloom" (79). Amy Denver uses a euphemism for Sethe's scar, calling it a chokecherry tree to ease the pain and memory that the scar brings. The image of a chokecherry tree brings spring, bloom and peaceful nature instead of the shame, pain and sadness that the scar truly represents. Trying to ease Sethe's pain some more, Amy Denver searches for spiderwebs, another product of mother nature, to drape over Sethe's "tree" to cool the pain and to then refer to the scar as a Christmas tree to conjure images of peace and happiness to take Sethe's mind off her pain and suffering: "Amy returned with two palmfuls of web, which she cleaned of prey and then draped on Sethe's back, saying it was like stringing a tree for Christmas" (80). While the whitewoman Amy Denver aided Sethe, a group of Cherokee Indians helped Paul D to his freedom. When Paul D escapes from Alfred, Georgia, the Cherokees tell him to follow cherry blossoms to freedom and escape from Alfred, Georgia: "'That way,' he said, pointing. 'Follow the tree flowers,' he said. 'Only the tree flowers. As they go, you go. You will be where you want to be when they are gone'" (112). Nature brings a certain calmness to life and the characters'