Bulimia Nervosa a Life Threatening Disease

Bulimia Nervosa a Life Threatening Disease

Bulimia Nervosa a Life Threatening Disease

For thousands of years starving one's self and vomiting, after overeating was healthy. However, today the number of eating disorder cases continue to grow. There is organization all over the world dedicated in the prevention, education, and raising awareness on the subject of bulimia nervosa and changes in the diagnostic criteria. One must ask one's selves "why women? And why now?" (Castonguay & Oltmanns, 2013, p. 206).). Hopeful, through understand how bulimia nervosa can effect an individual, the goal is to look at the etiology, the course, the prevalence, and ways to assess and treat.

It is now widely recognized that eating, disorders occur across culture, socioeconomic class, and race. More research is necessary to understand fully and explicate the rising of eating disorders in cultures around the globe, and the differential distribution of bulimia nervosa (BN), anorexia nervosa (AN), and binge-eating disorder (BED. However, it holds that the distribution of eating disorders in a population reflects the confluence of biological, environmental, cultural, and psychological factors (Castonguay & Oltmanns, 2013).

Etiology

At the ample level, sociocultural factors set the general stage of risk. Sociocultural study shows the development of bulimia plays a complex role with multiple factors that are contributed to the interplay between increased abundance in the food supply, increased inactive lifestyles, and societal overvalue of a thin, beautiful body (Castonguay & Oltmanns, 2013). The alteration to modern, industrialized social constructions is associated with an effect in increases in food supply, especially highly edible, calorie foods, and equally intense reductions in energy expenditure, in daily living. One could ask, "Why women and why now?" (Castonguay & Oltmanns, 2013, pp. 206-07).

Research believes biological weaknesses are likely the problem women develop an eating disorder. As well as, ecological factors associated with economic development and reconstruction over the past century has deeply affected women's place in society. Females' roles and rights across the globe have been at the forefront of much of social change, and although this has escorted many positive changes in the role of women, an attendant occurrence has been a rise in societal overvalue of a thin, beautiful body of women. The term thinness may vary across cultures; it appears that youth coming of age are consistently the most vulnerable and targeted group. Resulting in significant women pressure conveyed by family, peers, and media to achieve an unrealistically thin beautiful body within a social context that is associated with increased calorie consumption and reduced energy expenditure ((Dziegielewski, 2010). Men are not immune to the pressures of culture and increased personal pressure to achieve unrealistic physical standards.

Given the longevity of eating disorders, it is extraordinary that the experiential collection of work on the etiology of eating disorders is still quite limited. Research still disagrees about the degree of influence put forth by genetic factors, mental patterns in the family, and social trends.

Biological Factors

In 1999 and 2000, two recently published reviews suggest that there is some heritability for bulimia. Therefore, suggesting that there is a genetic component to bulimia. This deals with neurotransmitter that passes chemical signs from nerve cell to nerve cell. The outcome showed people with bulimia have abnormal levels of certain neurotransmitters; signifying that these nervous system neurotransmitters influence genetic factors (Frey, 2003, p. 1).

Origin of Family

Other, research's point to the interpersonal relationships in growing up in the family as a part in the later development of bulimia. Individual with bulimia are more likely than individuals with anorexia to have been sexually abused in childhood; studies have found the abnormalities in blood levels of serotonin with is associated with neurotransmitters in mood disorders (MD), and cortisol that is the primary stress in human hormone, that is display in bulimic patients that have a history of childhood sexual abuse, bear a resemblance to those in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The risk factor for the development of bulimia nervosa in the family can cause eating conflicts and struggles over food (Hornbacher, 1999).

Personal accounts by recovered bulimic frequently note that one or both parents were preoccupied with food or dieting. Fathers appear to be as influential as mother's in this regard. Additional risk factor for early onset bulimia is interest in or preparation for sport or occupation that requires strict weight control, such as track and field athletes, modeling, ballet, figure skating (Quinn, 2013). Goldfield, Blouin, & Woodside, (2006) did a study on the Male body builders (MBB) based on two research's regarding psychological profiles and eating-related disorders and MBB by Davis and Robertson findings, comparing females' patients with Anorexia (AN) and competitive male bodybuilder (CMBB) in the terms of obsession, perfectionism, anhedonia, and narcissism. Reporting a more positive perception of self-esteem and physique images, associated with women with anorexia in CMBB.

The second study, they compared was Mangweth et al. discovery that MBB displayed higher rates of body dissatisfaction and weight preoccupation than nonathletic male control subjects did, but lower rates than men did with a history of eating disorders (Goldfield, et al. (2006). These groups scored significantly higher, than control subjects did. As far as, Goldfield, et al. 2006 finding's, male bodybuilders (MBB) exhibit more severe body dissatisfaction, bulimic eating behavior, and negative emotional features, related with male athletes and nonathletic in a control subjects, fewer studies have directly likened MBB and men with eating disorders (2006, p. 1).

Paralleling men with bulimia nervosa (MBN), competitive male bodybuilders (CMBB), and recreational male bodybuilders (RMBB) on a broad range of eating attitudes, behaviors, and emotional characteristics to more accurately determine similarities and difference among these groups. Anonymous questionnaires, designed to assess eating attitudes, body image, weight and shape obsession, prevalence of binge eating, weight loss methods, lifetime rates of eating disorders, anabolic androgens steroid (AAS) use,