Chemistry Basics

Summer assignment!

Chemistry-study of the composition structure and properties of matter and changes it undergoes

Chemical-any substance that has a definite composition

Atom - smallest unit of an element that maintains properties of that element

Change of state-physical change of a substance from one state to another

Chemical change-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Chemical property-relates to a substance ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

Chemical reaction-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Compound- substance that is made from the atoms of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded!

Element-pure substance made of only one kind of atom

Extensive property-depends of the amount of matter that is present

Gas-matter is this state has neither definite volume nor definite shape

Heterogeneous-not uniform throughout

Homogeneous-uniform in composition

Intensive property- does not depend on the amount of matter that is present!

Liquid- matter in this state has a definite volume but an indefinite shape

Mass- measure of amount of matter

Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space

Mixture- blend of 2 or more kinds of atoms, each of which retains its own identity and properties

Physical change-a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

Physical property-characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

Plasma-high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons

Product-substances that are formed by chemical change

Pure substance-has fixed composition and differs from a mixture, in these ways

1. Every example of a given substance has exactly the same characteristic properties

2. Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same composition

Reactant-substances that react in chemical change

Solid- matter in this state has a definite volume and definite shape

Solution- homogeneous mixtures

Family-vertical columns of the periodic table

Group-vertical columns of the periodic table

Metal-is an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity

Metalloid- element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals

Nonmetal-element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

Period- horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table

Review page 26 # 1-23

1.Chemistry is the studyof the composition, structure and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes!

2.Organic chemistry

3.And subtance that that has a definite composition

4.Basic- to increase knowledge ex. Looking something on google. Applied- used tyo solve a problem ex-putting out a fire to know how to put out the fire u would do applies research. Technological- production and use opf products. Ex.studying invitro and t rying to make it better

5Mass - measure of amount of matter/ volume - amount of space something taeks up

6.Pure is just one cannot

be separated a compound can!

7.It may define an entire group of substances/they can help u detemine everything about something

8.Extensive depends on the amount of matter and intensive doesn't!

9.Physical property is a charactereistic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance! Metlnig point n boiling points-ex.

10. Chemical property-relates to a substance ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. Ex-charcoal burning ni air , iron turning to rust

11.Chemical change-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances /Physical change-a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

12.solid has definite shape liquid doesn't/liquid is visible gas isn't/ the liquid state can become a gas state/

Plasma-high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons

13.it means it has traNFORMED TO PLAMA LIQUID GAS OR SOLID

14.vertical- states periodic number horizontal states group name

15.they all have to do with the conducting of heat wheather its good or bad n all of these r in groups 3-12 which is the metals and non metals and the noble gases are group 18 they r sttange and r usually combined with other elements

16.power plant/alcoholic beverage factory/a cow labatory/a chemical pant!

17.pro- potassium hydroxide+ hydrogen/ reactants potassium and water

28.groups 3-12

19.a) physical its not changing the elements/ b)chemcal) it changes the whole compound/c)physical