Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Amanda DiAngelo

Grantham University

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

        Organisms are actually sorted into two different groups depending on the type of structure that they are.  These two groups are eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.  The Prokaryotic organisms are classified into two groups, Bacteria and the Archaea.  The prokaryotic organisms are made of cells that lack a membrane encased organelle or a cell nucleus, which means the DNA is not bound within the nucleus.  This also makes the DNA less structured in the prokaryotic organism than a eukaryotic organism, the DNA also single loops.  “A typical prokaryotic cell might contain the following parts: cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, flagella and pili, nucleoid, and plasmid (Klappenbach, 2015).”

        The eukaryotic organism is a little different, this organism makes up cells that hold genetic materials.  It makes up cells that actually have a membrane nucleus and a membrane bound nucleus.  “Genetic material in eukaryotes is contained within a nucleus within the cell and DNA is organized into chromosomes (Klappenbach, 2015).” This cell is much larger than the prokaryotic and more complex.   Animals are eukaryotes and these organisms are either single cellular or multicellular organisms.  The eukaryotic cell contains many more parts than the prokaryotic cell, these parts are: plasma membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, chromosomes, ribosome, vesicle, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, lysosome, centrioles, and mitochondria.  

        The eukaryotes grows through mitosis or meiosis, whereas prokaryotes reproduce through binary fusion.  Binary fusion is when single DNA replicate and the original cells divide to make two daughter cells.  Below is an example of the two different cells and how different they are.

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Reference

Bing. (n.d.). Retrieved June 15, 2015, from http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=images of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells&view=detailv2&id=9F02332CF1310D913218C27FA5D0FBCB0DAFB789&ccid=2YQMnBjU&simid=608045156424224234&thid=JN.ml2/22kGfSix/oJo0DLs0g&ajaxhist=0&first=1&selectedindex=3