Fallacy Summary and Application Paper

Logic is the study of reasoning -- the nature of good (correct) reasoning and of bad (incorrect) reasoning. Focus is the method by which an argument unfolds, not whether any arbitrary statement is true or accurate. Thus, an argument can be both deductively valid and perfectly absurd, as in 1. All telephone poles are elephants. 2. Sally is a telephone pole. 3. Therefore, Sally is an elephant. The conclusion is valid because conforms to a correct syllogistic pattern -- in this case, affirmation of the antecedent -- but is ludicrous at the same time. Organization and there employees used fallacies- based on the assumption sometimes that what is true of a simple or familiar situation is also true of a complex situation, for example, human being have the impression that selling a house is as easy as selling a car, but if we do a research and get testimonies from real state expert we eventually realized that it is not necessary true, this fallacy is also called faulty comparison.

Asserted conclusion is an example of drawing conclusions from insufficient data, false dilemma is based on the claim that no middle ground exists, this are a few example of the list of common fallacies we are facing in today's market. My research leads me to believe that there are not fallacies without any valid support.

Support has a cousin called logic-when support and logic team up, it is a gang tackle. Once the sender realizes that weak logic is a problem, there is hope. As a "branch" of philosophy, logic is often broken down into many subsets: for instance, modal logic, many-valued logic, modern logic, symbolic logic, formal and informal logic, deductive and inductive logic.

A fallacy is an invalid form of argument, an instance of incorrect reasoning. Below is a list of three common fallacies:

a. Anthrocentric (human-centered) Fallacy

b. Argumentum ex silentio

c. Naturalistic Fallacy

Anthrocentric (human-centered) Fallacy: Consider the example of a preacher who one day takes someone supposedly possessed of a demon, throws his hand on her forehead, and shouts, "Get out! Leave this body!" Even supposing that demons exist, one might find it curious that they understand English, obey peremptory commands, and are easily influenced by incantations and rituals. The after factor here occurs at the presupposition level: human language, reason, instincts, and desires are assumed to be the orbit around which everything else in the universe (including the aforementioned demons) revolves. A weird example of anthrocentric fallacy but if we paused and analyzed for a minute or two, we realized that even demons must used some sort of critical thinking to follow the preacher instructions.

Argumentum ex silentio: The fallacy of supposing that someone's silence is necessarily proof of ignorance. Two people, for instance, may be debating a political issue on a cable news program. One may be in the studio with the host, the other appearing via satellite. Their time on air reaches the point when each only has a few seconds left to make a closing comment. One of the debaters asks his opponent a very technical, complex question, and the opponent is speechless for a few seconds. "Go ahead," the debater screams. "Answer my question! See? He can't answer." A viewer may be