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Muslim - The teachings of the Muslim faith comes from their founder, Muhammad. Muhammad was born in Mecca c. 570 and died c. 632. He claimed to be the Prophet whom God (Allah) had chosen for mankind. The Islamic's holy book, the Quran, was believed to be superior to the Jewish Torah and the Christian Bible. Muhammad did find them divinely inspiring, but not enough to be the final revelation. The sharia (law of Islam), Quran, and hadith (sayings) were the basic elements of Islam as a theology, a judicial system, and a way of life. It was the mosque, the five pillars of Islamic faith and behavior, and the Sufi brotherhoods that really made common people feel they were Muslim.

The faith's five pillars are (1) the belief in the affirmation that there is no God but Allah, (2) the duty to pray five times a day in certain prescribed way, (3) the responsibility to offer alms in support of the less fortunate, (4) the obligation to fast during the month of Ramadan, with complete absinence from food or drink during the daytime, and (5) the injunction to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in one's lifetime provided one had resources and was physically able to make the journey.