History 20

Unit Three Review Questions

1.

a. Total war~ civilian casualties and women at work

World War~ victories in Europe, Mediterranean, Africa, and far east

Offensive war~ New weapons

Naval Battles~ Battle of pacific and Atlantic

Massive Destruction~ 55 million dead

b. ~ Carpet bombing of civilians

~ The Genocide of the Jews

~ Prisoner of war camp treatment

2.

Short Term

Devastation and loss of life

Recognition of the Holocaust

Overthrow of fascist gov't

Founding of United Nations

Demilitarization of Japan and Germany

Long Term

Cold war

Division of Germany (east and west)

NATO and Warsaw Defences

Development of Nuclear capability

Rise of nationalist movements

3.

4. Yalta & Potsdam Conference

Feb 1945 at the Yalta conference Germany was divided into occupations zones and would pay an indemnity, and the UN suggested free election in Poland for pro Soviet gov't.

July 1945, the Potsdam conference was the last meeting of the Big Three (Britain, US, and Soviet Union). Truman demanded free elections in Eastern Europe but Stalin refused because they would be anti soviet.

5. After the war there were trails against 22 surviving Nazi leader for crimes against humanity, and the trial were held to bring awareness of the holocaust

6.

7. Division of Germany

In 1949 West Germany was formed when the Britain, France, and American occupation troops leave, and In 1955 East Germany was formed as a satellite state of Russia

8. In August of 1945 the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki(August 9), The Soviet Union declared war on Japan(August 8), and Japan agreed to surrender unconditionally(August 14).

9. Possitive

~ needed to get rid of Japans 2nd Army Headquarters

~ Needed to shorten the agony of the war, and it may have saved millions of lives that would have been lost of the war did not end

~ Revenge of Pearl Harbour

~ Japanese was a strong opponent and an invasion would have cost American millions of young lives

Negative

~ mostly women and children civilians killed

~