Mise-En-Scene in Casablanca

This paper will discuss various elements of mise-en-scene, specifically; character development, lighting, performance, costume, makeup in the film "Casablanca".(Michael Curtiz,1942) The setting of the story sets the tone for the entire film. Shots of tanks and planes show the violence of war that coincides with the cutthroat city that is Casablanca. From there, those sentiments are reinforced when a man is shot in the street while another man pick pockets someone whom is distracted. The mood of the movie stays on the dark side of things when we enter Rick's Cafй, where we meet our protagonist played by Humphrey Bogart. In this scene we are treated to the jaded portrayal of night club owner. We see his utter disregard for a French woman even though there's a hint of caring for her, when he tells his bartender to take her home and that's it. This creates an interesting dichotomy in this character's development that is illustrated throughout the film. It's consistent with someone dealing with an inner struggle.

Along his rode of character development we see Rick is in position of two letters of transit. He reiterates his position of not wanting to stick his neck out for anyone. This also creates an interesting relationship with Captain Renault. He is clearly a very corrupt police officer who has a decent amount of power and sways with whoever is in command, in this case visiting Nazi soldiers. He, in affect makes a wager with Rick on the spot about him not helping Victor Lazlo out of Casablanca. This represents a conflict of interest for Renault's character and the beginning of how his character is viewed. Later on that evening Victor Lazlo and Ilsa show up at Rick's and the audience is treated to another side of Rick's character. He doesn't tip his hand when he actually sees her but the song, "When time goes by" draws him back to a simpler time when him and Ilsa were lovers in France. Later on that evening we see the emptiness of his life as he drinks, smokes and has Sam play "When time goes by". Rick's character fights between what is good and bad throughout the whole film. When Ilsa visits him, he says things that he probably regrets, and that aren't in good taste, to turn her away from him. In the end he's only torturing himself. We flashback in time to when they first met and we see a different side of Rick, a carefree man that even in the face of the Nazi's, but he's got the love of his life with him. It's in incredible parallel to the bitter old man we see in present time.

As we flash forward, the scene that is paramount to Rick's prospects of doing some good for anyone other them himself goes as such; Rick is approached by a young woman who tells him that her husband is trying to win himself enough money for transit to America. She continues to tell him her plight which includes having an improper relationship with Captain Renault. At this point Rick shows his first signs of life. He tells the young man to bet on number twenty-three. He has the dealer fix the game three straight times. Once the man has had enough money, he tells him to leave, and the woman thanks him endlessly. It's here that Rick's character starts to blossom into the man he once was.

As the plot continues to unfold the audience still isn't sure if Rick is going to sell Victor Lazlo out to the Nazi's for his selfish reasons, in fact I believe that most think after reclaiming his true love that he would. In the end however, Rick is able to trick Captain Renault into thinking just that and actually saving Victor Lazlo's life, even shooting a German Nazi of the Third Reich in the process. In the end, Rick's character develops the notion that saving Victor Lazlo is the key to helping the world rid people like the Nazi's and by sending Ilsa with him only keeps him fighting harder for the greater purpose Lazlo serves. Rick realized that just as he loved Ilsa, Lazlo was fighting not only for his country but for the love of his wife too. Rick comes full circle with his circumstances and continues his relationship with Captain Renault in the end.

One key formal element of the scene, late at night with Sam playing for a dreary Rick, is the lighting which allows the audience to see Ilsa in an innocent term. Here's someone whom the audience finds out has torn this man to pieces and she receives a fill light that removes the shadows on her face, making her skin appear perfectly smooth. The back light provides a halo effect, reinforcing her portrayal as an innocent, sympathetic, even tortured woman. Although Ilsa has betrayed Rick, her depiction as a compassionate, almost angelic figure complicates the audience's interpretation of her character.

In contrast, Rick's lighting creates an exhausted image of the older night club owner. His key light casts shadows which emphasize wrinkles. This wearied picture of, complicates the relationship between Ilsa and Rick. Clearly Ilsa, who has wronged Rick, sympathizes and wants to reach out to him. However, her relationship with Lazlo precludes the possibility of Ilsa consummating her love for Rick. Thus, the lighting places a difference between Rick, a pathetic bachelor, and Ilsa, the innocent, angelic lady. The characters posses qualities that are both acceptable, however in this particular instance it's easy to believe that the audience still is glued to Rick and isn't fooled by the angelic portrayal of Ingrid Bergman's Ilsa.

In this scene the performance is based on a particular delivery and facial expressions of that of one emoting to channel tension, anger and regret. Bogart's delivery shows hostility and cold cynicism. In this demonstration of Rick's feelings, we are given a glimpse of his pain, and we are shown why he has had issues with love, and with the general notion of helping anyone. He believes because of this woman that all people are out to get you at some point and that even those closest too you will disappoint in the end, so the answer is to not be close with anyone, just trusting himself. Ilsa's calm replies to Rick's cold overtones begin to give sympathy for Ilsa. She is torn between two men, in this case it could be argued, suffers more than the other characters. Sympathy for Ilsa is generated by her expressions and the tears which begin with her encounter with Rick. Ilsa's reserved, yet sincere compassion towards Rick reveals that she cannot love either of the men completely without seeming unfaithful. Despite her mixed love and infidelity, the audience is led to forgive her.

In the scene prior Captain Renault's intonations during the scene reveal suspicions concerning Rick and Ilsa that peak his collective interest. His suggestive voice which raises questions