Prohibition

Prohibition means the manufacture, transportation, import, exports, and sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted or illegal. There are many ways in which prohibition of alcohol consumption in the United States of America. Prohibition damaged the very economic and social aspects of American culture, that it was designed to heal. "Prohibition did not achieve its goals. Instead, it added to the problems it was intended to solve." On 16th January 1920, one of the most common personal habits and customs of American society came to a halt. The eighteenth amendment was implemented, making all importing, exporting, transporting, selling and manufacturing of intoxicating liquors absolutely prohibited. This law was created in the hope of achieving the reduction of alcohol consumption, which in turn would reduce: crime, poverty, death rates, and improve both the economy and the quality of life for all Americans. These goals were far from achieved. The prohibition amendment of the 1920's was ineffective because it was unenforceable. Instead, it caused various social problems such as: the explosive growth of organized crime, increased liquor consumption, massive murder rates and corruption among city officials.

Prohibition also hurt the economy because the government wasn't collecting taxes on the multi-billion dollar a year industry. One of the main reasons that prohibition failed, was because it was difficult to control the mass flow of illegal liquor from various countries, mainly Canada. "Bootleggers smuggled liquor from oversees and Canada, stole it from government warehouses, and produced their own." The newly established Federal Prohibition Bureau had only 1,550 agents but it was clearly impossible to prevent immense quantities of liquor from entering the country." Not even 5% of smuggled liquor was ever actually captured and seized from the hands of the bootleggers. Bootlegging had become a very competitive and lucrative market with the adaptation of prohibition. This illegal underground economy fell into the hands of organized gangs who over powered most of the authorities. Most of these gangsters, secured their businesses by bribing an immense number of city officials. Mainly government agents and people with high political status such as: Mayors, Judges, Police Chiefs, Senators and Governors, found their names on gangster's payroll.

To some surprise, the consumption of liquor in the years before prohibition, was actually very lower then that of the years throughout prohibition. As a result of this new law, a new social problem arose. "Seldom has law been more flagrantly violated. Not only did Americans continue to manufacture, barter, and possess alcohol; they drank more of it."

Americans, who supported prohibition, argued that if drinking alcohol was illegal, the public would recognize and respect the law, and in turn, would give it up. During the start of prohibition, it appeared as though it was working. But, what was really going on, was that since the transportation and production was not allowed, bootleggers had to find ways to do it without being caught. The price of beer rose, because it had to be transported in large barrels, which was more difficult. As a result, people started drinking more potent hard liquor. It took less to get drunk, therefore it was easier to transport, and it was cheaper. Americans would drink this liquor and get drunk a lot faster, for less money. As a downfall, however, the liquor had no standards.

The rate of alcohol related deaths due to poisoning drastically increased from 1,064 in 1920, to 4,154 in 1925. One of the biggest outcomes of prohibition was the development of organized crime. Because liquor was no longer legally available, the public turned to gangsters who took on the bootlegging industry and supplied them with liquor. Because the industry was so immensely profitable, more gangs participated. As a result of the money involved in the bootlegging industry, there was much rival between gangs. "The profit motive caused over four hundred gang related murders a year in Chicago alone." The most infamous gangster of all time, was Al Capone. He ran his business out of Chicago. It is estimated that he alone, pulled in over 100 million dollars a year, as a result of prohibition. These numbers could never be confirmed for sure, because he didn't report his earnings to the tax man. Capone dominated the prostitution and protection business as well as bootlegging. Any rival gang who was seen as