Report, the Yellow Fever

-Disease, mutation, disfunction, or virus?: virus and disease

-Common name: yellow fever

-Scientific name: flavivirus and topotypes

-History of

oResearched

„XWhere: Philadelphia, Cuba, and South Africa

„XWhen: 1800, 1881, 1901, and 1939

„XWhy: It was researched because so many people were infected who were coming to America, and so many people were getting infected by the virus who lived near the port.

„XHow: It was researched with the Aedes Aegypti mosquito and studied the people who were infected by the virus.

oDiscovered

„XWhen: From 1793 to 1822

„XWhere: In port cities of the United States.

oMajor Doctors associated with

„XDr. Benjamin Rush, Dr. Carlos Finlay, and Dr. Max Theiler.

-What it affects: It affects the immune system for life.

-Where it affects: It mainly affects the liver which destroys it and accumulation yellow bile pigments in the skin.

-When it affects: After you are infected, it takes three to six months for the yellow fever to develop.

-Why it affects: ?

-How it affects: ?

-Organizations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

-Famous people infected: N/A

-Interesting Facts: Yellow fever was the first human microbial disease discovered to be caused by an agent. It also could be filtered, and yet was smaller than any known bacteria.

What is yellow fever? You might think it is a fever thatÐŽ¦s yellow or you might turn yellow when you get this fever. You wonÐŽ¦t turn bright yellow, but the pigment in your skin will turn a little bit yellow. Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne and viral disease caused by a yellow fever virus. This disease happens in tropical and subtropical areas.

From 1793 to 1822 yellow fever was one of the harshest disease in port cities if the United States. Yellow fever was an exotic disease. Yellow fever was considered a disease of the tropics. It entered the lives of American men who voyaged to the West Indies.

We know today that yellow fever is a virus spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This mosquito has peculiar habits that weÐŽ¦re still continuing to learn about. This mosquito prefers to live in urban areas. It breeds in clean standing water. It also feed during that day, so back in the 1700 and 1800ÐŽ¦s the mosquitoes must have had enjoyed the major port cities.

This mosquito has no trouble adapting to life inside a house. Back then, when windows were unknown, it had ready access to relatively protective environments. People usually got yellow fever from the bite of an infected female mosquito. The mosquito injects the yellow fever virus into the bite.

In the current discussion of global warming, many are warning that warmer temperatures will bring tropical diseases like yellow fever and malaria to the north.

Benjamin Rush was the first to recognize the disease as yellow fever in the 18th century. Then later in 1881, a Cuban physician, Carlos Finlay advanced the hypothesis that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes. Later in 1901, Walter reed also proved the agent to be virus. In 1939, the South African physician, Max Theiler developed a vaccine that confers immunity to the disease. Vaccination is required today for all people traveling between endemic regions and other parts of the world.

The disease was brought under control by methods of sanitation, including drainage of mosquito breeding grounds and quarantine ships arriving from infected areas.

Yellow fever causes 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths each year. Most of the cases and deaths take place in sub-Saharan Africa. Africa also experiences the outbreaks of urban yellow fever. 33 African countries, with a population of 468 million people, are now considered at risk of yellow fever.

Yellow fever is also in ten South American countries and in several Caribbean islands. Bolivia, Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela are considered at great risk of having yellow fever.

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