U.S. History

farmers and railroad

Ð'* Railroad helped transport crops to other parts of the country more efficiently.

cattle drives

Ð'* 3,000 cattle

Ð'* 18 men

Ð'* chuck wagon and cook

Ð'* wranglers for the horses - 8/men

Ð'* 20-25 miles per day

Laissez-Faire type of government

Ð'* Government should leave business alone - H. Spencer.

Ð'* Was the largest deterrent to reform in the second half of the 19th century.

Ð'* Dominated in the New South.

Ð'* Helped by religious groups.

Tammany Hall

Ð'* Political machine: Boss Tweed Ring of New York.

minorities working on cattle drives

Ð'* Large amount were Hispanic or black.

Bessemer Process

Ð'* made steel stronger and produced it faster.

Why the cattle drive ended?

Ð'* overgrazing

Ð'* barbed wire

Ð'* water rights

Ð'* competition for land, sheep, and cattle

View of Plains Indians compared to whites?

Ð'* Plains Indians - nomadic

Ð'* whites - wanted to settle

American Federation of Labor

Ð'* 1881, Samuel Gompers

Ð'* skilled labor, organized - local, state, national

Ð'* no political goal, believed in strikes

Ð'* wanted an 8 hour work day, union to represent all workers, collective bargaining

Which battles were the Native Americans victorious?

Ð'* none

cow towns

All of the following contributed to the conflict between Indians and Whites.

Ð'* Railroad came through their territory.

Ð'* Nez Perce removed from Oregon.

Ð'* reservations

Ð'* Wounded Knee

Dawes Act

Ð'* attempted to Americanize the Indian

Ð'* break up the tribal structure

Ð'* give each family 160 acres

Ð'* accepted they would get full citizenship

Ð'* education free

Ð'* most Indians resisted

Guilded Age

Ð'* growth of wealth, emphasis on materialism

Ð'* interested only in profit

Ð'* little concern for others

Ð'* contradiction: extremely rich and poor workers

Ð'* population and production grew rapidly

Ð'* large amount of industrial progress

Ð'* large amount of inventions taking place

Rich Man's Club

Ð'* U.S. Senate

Ð'* obtained large amounts of wealth

Ð'* 6th year term(17 amendment)

Jay Goulde

Ð'* made $80 million in illegal railroad activities

Ð'* Blackmail lines

J.P. Morgan

Ð'* banker, brought up railroad lines

Ð'* bought Carnegie Steel for $492

Andrew Carnegie

Ð'* vertical integration

Ð'* steel industry

Ð'* purchase all business associated with production

Ð'* Carnegie's Homestead Steel Plant - violence, 9 strikers and 7 Pinkerton killed

workers conditions

Ð'* fired if went to bathroom

Ð'* hot floor, 10-12 working

Ð'* child labor, 195 killed per year

Ð'* labor unions resulted; secretive at first

pooling

Ð'* several lines held the same items

Ð'* stopped in Interstate Commerce Act

Gospel of Wealth

Ð'* Wealthy are superior and should help the poor - Carnegie.

Social Darwinism

Ð'* being wealthy proved you were superior - William Sumner.

Vertical Integration

Ð'* Andrew Carnegie

Horizontal Integration

Ð'* John D. Rockefeller

Ð'* buy up competition, became a monopoly

railroad

Ð'* largest business of era

Ð'* more impact on economy than anything else

Ð'* illegal activities