Two Speed Coal Crusher

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 An Idea about the Project

        An idea involves thinking is the best exercise for clearing the concepts.  Thinking is just like a simulator where different ideas, through & actions are compiled to get results.  Thinking needs experience to testing result experience comes by evaluating our thinking by a perfect mocker and eliminating flows from it 80 thinking is the first step to projection. By this project we get a chance to think and testing our book and knowledge.

The idea of coal crusher is not only to crush a coal into a small piece cut also to exercise that how an engineering subject can be utilized to get an output or a product which can ease the human workings.

1.2 Purpose of Project

Basically the project coal crusher is designed to crush coal can into small pieces so that they can easily stored and proper and complete combustion of coal can take place.

Since coal has many important uses worldwide. The most significant uses of coal are in electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel. Around 6.6 billion tons of hard coal were used worldwide last year and 1 billion tons of brown coal and here comes our coal crusher.

The other sort purpose of our project is to testing our knowledge and reusing our subjects before entering the real world. Because of the end to our degree we need to learn how engineering give shape to structure and machines. So the purpose of the project is to justify the engineering facts and the purpose of this report is to write our opinions about these engineering facts.

1.3 SUBJECTS COVERED UNDR THE PROJECT

The Project "Two Speed Coal Crusher" is not a single book project.  It links the several discipline and mechanical engineering and general physics several derivations and formulates from different subjects are mention in next chapters.  Some of the subjects need to be studied before starting the projects are.

1. Kinematics of machines (KOM):

This subject tells us now how the motion is embedded in a machine. This subject leads to know how different links and pairs come together to form mechanize and from this subject we get the brain of our project i.e. single slider crank chain mechanism.

1. Machine Design:

Since our project has gears involved to get two different machinery speeds so we should also be familiar with gear designing.

1. Strength of Materials:

 Stress analysis is as always necessary for any mechanical project so we also near to analysis. Our parts such as rotating disk, Piston, handle gears and keep them away from stress can.

1. Mathematics:

Mathematics is heart of engineering every single element of our project have definite dominations which are calculated from derived formulas.

1.4 PRODUCTION AND MARKET EXPERIENCE

Production provides knowledge about welding, cutting and machining during production we also got knowledge about interesting facts that production requires knowledge of market experience  Market knowledge reduces the expense of manufacture.  We did a lot of mistakes while designing the project.  One of the biggest mistakes is designing the project without standardized raw material.

Chapter 2

THE MECHANISMS

We know that a machine is a device which receives energy and transforms it into some useful work. A machine consists of a number of parts or bodies. In this chapter, we shall study the mechanisms of the various parts or bodies from which the machine is assembled. This is done by making one of the parts as fixed, and the relative motion of other parts is determined with respect to the fixed part.

2.1        Kinematic link / Element

Each part of a machine, which moves relative to some other part, is known as a kinematic link (or simply link) or idly fastened together, so that they do not move relative to one another. For example, in a reciprocating steam engine piston rod and crosshead constitute one link; connecting rod with big and small end bearings constitute a second link: crank, crank shaft and fix fly wheel a third link and the cylinder, engine frame and main bearings a fourth link.

A link or element need not to be a rigid body. A body is said to be a resistance body if it is capable of transmitting the required forces with negligible deformations. Thus a link should have the following two characteristics:

• It should have relative motion.
• It must be a resistance body.

2.2        Types of links

        In order to transmit motion, the driver and the follower may be connected by the following three types of links:

• Right link: A rigid link is one which does not undergo and deformation while transmitting motion. Strictly speaking, rigid links do not exist. However, as the deformation of a connecting rod, crank etc. of a reciprocating steam engine is not appreciable; they can be considered as rigid links.
• Flexible link: A flexible link is one which is partly deformed in a manner not to affect the transmission of motion. For example, belts, ropes, chains and wires are flexible links and transmit tensile forces only.

• Fluid link: A fluid link is one which is formed by having a fluid in a receptacle and the motion is transmitted through the pressure or compression only, as in the case of hydraulic presses, jacks and brakes.

2.3        Structure

        It is an assemblage of a number of resistant bodies (known as members) having no relative motion between them and meant for carrying loads having straining action. A railway bridge, a roof truss, machine frames etc., are the examples of structure.

2.4        Difference between a Machine and a Structure

        The following differences between a machine and a structure are important from the subject point of view:

• The parts of a machine move relative to one another, whereas the members of a structure do not move relative to one another.

• A machine transforms the available energy into some useful work, whereas in  a structure no energy is transformed into useful work.

• The links of a machine may transmit both power and motion, while the members of a structure forces only.

2.5        Kinematic Pair

                The two links or elements of a machine, when in contact with each other, are said to form a pair. If the relative motion between them is completely or successfully constrained. (I.e. in a definite direction), the pair is known as kinematic pair.

2.6        Types of Constrained Motions

Following are the three types of constrained motions: